Abstract
Promyelocytic leukaemia nuclear bodies (PML-NBs) play roles in various cellular functions and represent a key component of antiviral defense. In the case of hepatitis B virus (HBV), the antiviral activity of PML-NBs has been associated with the presence of SMC5/6 and epigenetic silencing of cccDNA. However, PML-NBs can have apleiotropic effect on the life cycle of HBV and the role of PML-NBs needs to be further elucidated.