Abstract
Currently, a new universal vaccine against influenza is being developed with no need for annual revaccination. Other research activities target new immunologically advantageous modes of vaccine administration.
When the vaccine cannot be given or appears not to be adequately effective, antivirals can be institued against influenza either therapeutically or prophylactically. Combination of vaccination with antivirals enhances effect of influenza prevention and should be considered in immunodeficient nad other high risk subjects.
Vaccination and antivirals would play a key role in the protection against pandemic influenza virus. The development of vaccine against avian influenza virus as a candidate pandemic agent is in progress.